Sunday, 24 March 2013

Understanding What Is LTE

By Harry Noris


Many consumers are wondering what is LTE. This growing technology is officially called 3GPP Long Term Evolution for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (3GPP UMT LTE). The wireless broadband technology is structured to grant roaming internet access for handheld devices, like mobile phones, tablets and laptops. It has been developed with a number of enhancements over the previous cell communication standards. The forum accountable for its evolvement and standardisation is the Third Generation (3G) Partnership Project.

The 3GPP was founded during December of 1998. Its contributors belong to internationally based telecommunications associations which are known as the Organisational Partners. The initial remit of the 3GPP was to develop 3G mobile phone systems which were globally suitable. Since its launch, the scope of its duties have expanded.

At the present time, the 3GPP is accountable for maintaining and developing three main technological sectors. Among them are the GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communications), which includes the evolution of radio access technologies. It is also accountable for the evolved 3G and beyond mobile networks which are based upon the 3GPP core systems. The group also looks after evolved IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystems) which are access-independent.

The LTE technology can be put to use simply and can supply high data rates with low latencies across great distances. Known as 4G (fourth generation), it is better over 3G systems. For instance, initial results show the 4G network can easily reach data download speeds of up to 16 Mbps, compared to just over 1 Mbps for 3G connections. The mean upload speed for the 4G system is about 1.5 Mbps, compared with 0.7 Mbps for the 3G.

LTE networks are much easier to make use of than its predecessors. Its network architecture is much easier because it is only a network that is packet switched. The system does not have the capacity to control text messages and voice calls natively. Those kinds of services are usually controlled by networks that are circuit-switched, such as CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) and GSM.

The Simplified Architecture Evolution (SAE) of the LTE is essentially an easier version of the architecture which is presently used by the Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS). The UMTS defines a comprehensive network system which encompasses the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN), as well as the core Mobile Application Part (MAP) network. It also validates users through their Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards.

The innovative 4G system is reliant upon two types of radio links. The downlink travels from the tower to the device, and the uplink moves from the device to the tower. Since two different kinds of interfaces are used, wireless communications in both directions are optimised.

The downlink technology is much more advanced than both the CDMA and the TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), that have been in use since 1990. The recently developed radio interface is known as the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). It orders that multiple in-multiple out (MIMO) technology is utilised. This means a device has multiple connections to each cell, which enhances the stability of each connection and lessens its dormancy tremendously.

For the uplinks, a project known as DFTS-OFDMA (Discrete Fourier Transform Spread, Orthogonal Frequency Division, Multiple Access) is utilised. It produces a superior Single Carrier Frequency (SC-FDMA) signal. Among other things, it has a greater power ratio for uplinking.

There are two subcategories within the LTE technology: the FDD (Frequency Division), and the TDD (Time Division). The most frequent kind is the FDD. It depends on different frequencies for uplinks and downlinks in the form of band pairs. As a result, each band supported by a phone comprises of two separate frequency ranges. The TDD variation depends upon a single frequency range within a band. This band is divided into pieces in order to support both the transmission and reception of signals in its single frequency range.

Wimax is an existing technology that relies upon underlying wireless (wi-fi) networks. In contrast, within the UK, LTE is founded on the same type of technology that is currently used by the country's 3G network. For that explanation, the UK plans to utilise the 4G LTE technology as opposed to Wimax.

To comprehend what is LTE may help consumers make educated buying choices. Choosing new devices that support 4G networks are informed choices. This technology is envisaged to dominate worldwide telecommunications for many years.




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